01 - Heat olive oil in a large heavy-bottomed pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the diced onion, carrot, and zucchini if using. Sauté for 4 to 5 minutes until the vegetables are softened and the onion is translucent.
02 - Add the minced garlic and cook for 1 minute, stirring constantly, until fragrant and lightly golden.
03 - Add the ground beef or Italian sausage to the pot. Season with salt and black pepper. Cook for 5 to 7 minutes, breaking the meat apart with a wooden spoon, until fully browned and no pink remains. Drain any excess fat if necessary.
04 - Stir in the tomato paste, crushed tomatoes, and diced tomatoes. Add the dried basil, oregano, thyme, and red pepper flakes if using. Pour in the broth and mix thoroughly to combine all ingredients.
05 - Bring the soup to a gentle boil, then reduce the heat to medium-low. Simmer uncovered for 10 minutes to allow the flavors to meld together.
06 - Add the broken lasagna noodle pieces to the pot. Simmer for 12 to 15 minutes, stirring occasionally to prevent the pasta from sticking to the bottom, until the noodles are tender but still hold their shape.
07 - Stir in half of the shredded mozzarella and half of the parmesan cheese until melted and incorporated. Taste the broth and adjust the seasoning with additional salt and pepper as needed.
08 - Ladle the hot soup into individual bowls. Top each serving with generous dollops of ricotta cheese, a sprinkle of the remaining mozzarella and parmesan, and a scattering of freshly chopped basil or parsley. Serve immediately with crusty bread or garlic toast.