01 - Melt butter in a medium saucepan over medium heat, or use warm pan drippings directly from roasting meat.
02 - Whisk flour into melted butter until smooth. Cook stirring constantly for 2-3 minutes until mixture turns light golden and releases a nutty aroma.
03 - Slowly pour stock into the roux while whisking continuously. Ensure smooth incorporation before adding more liquid to prevent lumps from forming.
04 - Bring mixture to a gentle simmer. Cook for 8-10 minutes, whisking frequently, until gravy coats the back of a spoon and reaches desired thickness.
05 - Add salt, pepper, and dried herbs if using. Taste and adjust seasoning as needed. Strain through fine-mesh sieve for ultra-smooth texture if desired.